Overview of Thelypteridaceae
The Thelypteridaceae family is a group of ferns consisting of about 950 species in 30 genera. The family is distributed worldwide, but it is most diverse in tropical regions. The taxonomy of the Thelypteridaceae family has undergone significant changes, with many genera being moved to or from other fern families. For example, the Dryopteridaceae family used to include many Thelypteridaceae species, and vice versa. Currently, the Thelypteridaceae family is classified in the order Polypodiales, which is one of the largest orders of ferns.
Taxonomic Details
The Thelypteridaceae family has several taxonomic characteristics that set it apart from other fern families. The leaves are typically bipinnate or tripinnate, but may also be simple or pinnate. Members of this family have sori (spore-producing structures) that are round or elongated and are located either along the veins or at the margins of fronds. They have true indusia, which are protective coverings that form over each sorus and eventually fall off when the spores are mature. The sporangia are homosporous, meaning they produce spores of a single type. Finally, the Thelypteridaceae family has a gametophyte stage that is heart-shaped or kidney-shaped and has a distinctive notch at the top.
Unique Characteristics
One of the unique characteristics of the Thelypteridaceae family is the presence of glandular scales on the fronds, which can be seen with a magnifying lens. These scales are tiny and translucent and are concentrated near the base of the fronds. They help to protect the fern against herbivores and pathogens, and they may also play a role in water retention or temperature regulation. Another unique feature of Thelypteridaceae is that several of its species are used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. For example, Cyclosorus interruptus is used in Asia to treat diarrhea, while Christella parasitica is used in Africa to treat kidney and bladder problems.
Distribution of Thelypteridaceae Family
The Thelypteridaceae family is a cosmopolitan family of ferns found in various regions of the world. They occur in both temperate and tropical zones, and are particularly common in regions with a high level of humidity like rainforests, swamps, and marshy areas. The family comprises of around 950 species, which are distributed worldwide, with their highest diversity found in the tropical regions.
Habitat of Thelypteridaceae Family
Plants from the Thelypteridaceae family can be found in diverse habitats, including lowland forests, montane forests, and grasslands. Most species prefer moist habitats such as stream banks, swamps, and wetlands where there is a constant supply of water, however, some species also thrive in dry habitats. A lot of plants in this family are also adapted to grow in disturbed areas such as abandoned farmlands and other disturbed habitats.
Ecological Preferences and Adaptations
Plants from the Thelypteridaceae family have a wide range of ecological preferences and adaptations which helps them to survive and thrive in their respective habitats. For example, some species have fronds with a waxy coating that helps them to prevent water loss, while others have roots that absorb water from the air. Some plants in the family also have rhizomes that spread horizontally and produce new shoots, enabling them to colonize large areas quickly.
Introduction
The Thelypteridaceae family belongs to the order Polypodiales, which is the largest fern order, containing about 80% of all ferns. The family has approximately 950 species and is distributed widely throughout the world, with a particular concentration in the tropics. The plants in this family are herbaceous and perennial, and they grow in a range of habitats, including forests, meadows, and wetlands.Morphology and Structure
Plants in the Thelypteridaceae family exhibit a range of morphological and structural characteristics, but most of them share some common traits. The plants have a rhizome, which is a creeping underground stem that sends up fronds. The fronds can be simple or compound and range in size from a few centimeters to several meters in length. The fronds are also pinnately divided, with the leaflets typically having a serrated margin.Anatomical Features and Adaptations
Thelypteridaceae plants exhibit adaptations that enable them to survive in a range of environments. For example, the plants have a well-developed cuticle and epidermis, which helps them to retain water in arid environments. The stomata are typically sunken, which reduces water loss through transpiration. The plants also have robust vascular systems that aid in the transport of water and nutrients throughout the plant.Variations in Leaf Shapes and Flower Structures
The Thelypteridaceae family exhibits a range of leaf shapes, including simple fronds for some species or pinnately or bipinnately divided ones, with the ultimate segments either being lobed or entire. The leaf stalk tapering downwards and outwards is a unique characteristic of this family. The sporangia or reproductive structures of plants in this family may be found on the tips or margins of the leaves or on specialized leaflets that are modified to form a structure called a fertile frond. The plants do not have flowers since they are non-flowering plants, and their reproduction relies on spores.Conclusion
The Thelypteridaceae family is a diverse group of ferns with a range of morphological and structural characteristics. The plants exhibit adaptations that have allowed them to occupy a wide range of environments, including arid regions and wetlands. The unique anatomical features and adaptations, as well as the variations in leaf shapes and reproductive structures, make this family both interesting and significant in the scientific study of ferns.Reproductive Strategies in Thelypteridaceae Family
The plants within the Thelypteridaceae family utilize both sexual and asexual modes of reproduction. The most common method of reproduction is by spores, which are produced in sori. These sori are enclosed in an indusium, which is a protective covering to the reproductive structures. Some species also employ vegetative propagation, where new plants arise from rhizome fragments or fragments of leaves.
Reproduction Mechanisms
Spore production is initiated through meiosis, which leads to the development of haploid spores. These spores are then released into the environment and, under suitable conditions, germinate to form new independent plants. In addition to spore production, some species can also reproduce asexually through vegetative propagation. This is facilitated by the presence of rhizomes, which can establish new roots and shoots at nodes. Fragmented leaves can also root to form new plants.
Flowering and Pollination Strategies
Plants within the Thelypteridaceae family are not known to produce flowers. Instead, they reproduce through spores. Pollination is not applicable, and the process of spore release is passive and facilitated by environmental factors such as wind or water.
Seed Dispersal and Adaptations
The Thelypteridaceae family relies mostly on spore dispersal as the primary method of reproduction. The mechanisms of spore dispersal vary from species to species. The most common mode of spore dispersal is through the wind, where the spores are lightweight and easily carried by the slightest breeze. Other species employ water as the means of spore dispersal, where the spores are distributed by rain or water currents in streams or rivers. Additionally, some species have evolved to produce sticky spores that can stick to the feet or bodies of animals, aiding in the transportation and spread of spores in the environment.
Economic Importance
The Thelypteridaceae family is of significant economic importance, primarily due to its medicinal and culinary uses. Several plant species belonging to this family possess therapeutic properties and are employed in traditional medicine to treat various ailments.
One such plant is Cyclosorus interruptus, which is used as a remedy for snake bites, inflammation, and hemorrhages. Another plant, in the genus Thelypteris, contains a flavonoid compound believed to have antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, the young fronds of several species such as Christella dentata, Cyclosorus aridus, and Pseudophegopteris chevalieri are consumed as vegetables in several Asian countries.
Furthermore, the Thelypteridaceae family is also used in the cosmetics and perfume industry. The aromatic compounds present in many of these plants are extracted and used as a base for perfumes and soaps. Some species such as Sphaerostephanos unitus are also used in the fabrication of baskets, hats, and other handicraft items.
Ecological Importance
The Thelypteridaceae family plays a crucial role within ecosystems. Most of the species belonging to this family are ferns that grow in damp habitats, such as tropical and subtropical regions. They are adapted to thrive in different soil types, including sandy, rocky, and loamy soils. Additionally, the ferns in this family have a low demand for nutrients and can tolerate shade, making them well adapted to their environment.
Several species of Thelypteridaceae ferns are known to form symbiotic relationships with microorganisms such as mycorrhizae, which help in nutrient acquisition. These ferns also provide habitat and food for several animal species, such as insects and birds that feed on their leaves and fronds.
Conservation Status
Several species within the Thelypteridaceae family are threatened with extinction due to habitat loss, climate change, and over-harvesting. In many cases, these species are collected for their medicinal and culinary uses, which has led to over-exploitation. Additionally, the degradation and fragmentation of their habitats have further impacted their survival.
Recognizing the importance of conserving this family, several initiatives have been undertaken to protect and preserve its members. Many countries have established protected areas to conserve the natural habitat of these plants. Additionally, species such as Christella dentata and Thelypteris decursive-pinnata are included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), highlighting their conservation status and the need for conservation measures.
Featured plants from the Thelypteridaceae family
More plants from the Thelypteridaceae family
- Aspidium cheilanthoides Kunze - >>thelypteris Cheilanthoides
- Aspidium invisum Sw. - >>thelypteris Invisa
- Christella boydiae (Eat.) Holttum - >>thelypteris Boydiae
- Christella cyatheoides (Kaulfuss) Holttum - >>thelypteris Cyatheoides
- Cyclosorus cyatheoides (Kaulfuss) Farw. - >>thelypteris Cyatheoides
- Cyclosorus dentatus (Forsk.) Ching - >>thelypteris Dentata
- Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link - >>thelypteris Interrupta
- Cyclosorus quadrangularis (Fée) Tardieu-Blot p.p. - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Cyclosorus sandwicensis (Brack.) Copeland - >>pneumatopteris Sandwicensis
- Dryopteris angustifolia (Willd.) Urban - >>thelypteris Angustifolia
- Dryopteris augescens (Link) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Augescens
- Dryopteris augescens (Link) C. Christens. var. lindheimeri (C. Christens.) Broun - >>thelypteris Ovata Var. Lindheimeri
- Dryopteris brittonae Slosson ex Maxon - >>thelypteris Brittonae
- Dryopteris cyatheoides (Kaulfuss) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Cyatheoides
- Dryopteris decussata (L.) Urban - >>thelypteris Decussata
- Dryopteris deltoidea (Sw.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Deltoidea
- Dryopteris dentata (Forsk.) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Dentata
- Dryopteris domingensis (Spreng.) Maxon - >>thelypteris Guadalupensis
- Dryopteris germaniana (Fée) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Germaniana
- Dryopteris globulifera (Brack.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Globulifera
- Dryopteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Interrupta
- Dryopteris guadalupensis (Wikstr.) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Guadalupensis
- Dryopteris hastata (Fée) Urban - >>thelypteris Hastata Var. Hastata
- Dryopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) C. Christens. - >>phegopteris Hexagonoptera
- Dryopteris imitata C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Cordata Var. Imitata
- Dryopteris leptocladia (Fée) Maxon - >>thelypteris Leptocladia
- Dryopteris linkiana (K. Presl) Maxon - >>thelypteris Linkiana
- Dryopteris macilenta (E. St. John) Correll - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Dryopteris megalodus (Schkuhr) Urban - >>thelypteris Pennata
- Dryopteris nevadensis (Baker) Underwood - >>thelypteris Nevadensis
- Dryopteris normalis C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Dryopteris noveboracensis (L.) Gray - >>thelypteris Noveboracensis
- Dryopteris oligophylla Maxon - >>thelypteris Invisa
- Dryopteris opposita (Vahl) Urban - >>thelypteris Opposita
- Dryopteris oregana C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Nevadensis
- Dryopteris oreopteris auct. non (Ehrh.) Maxon - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Dryopteris parasitica (L.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Parasitica
- Dryopteris patens (Sw.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Patens
- Dryopteris phegopteris (L.) C. Christens. - >>phegopteris Connectilis
- Dryopteris piedrensis C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Piedrensis
- Dryopteris poiteana (Bory) Urban - >>thelypteris Poiteana
- Dryopteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Reptans Var. Reptans
- Dryopteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) C. Christens. var. conformis C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Reptans Var. Reptans
- Dryopteris resinifera (Desv.) Weatherby - >>thelypteris Resinifera
- Dryopteris reticulata (L.) Urban - >>thelypteris Reticulata
- Dryopteris rolandii C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Rolandii
- Dryopteris sancta (L.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Sancta
- Dryopteris saxatilis (R. St. John) Broun - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Dryopteris sclerophylla (Poepp. ex Spreng.) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Sclerophylla
- Dryopteris serra (Sw.) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Serra
- Dryopteris serrata (Cav.) C. Christens. - >>thelypteris Serrata
- Dryopteris setigera auct. non Blume - >>macrothelypteris Torresiana
- Dryopteris simulata Davenport - >>thelypteris Simulata
- Dryopteris sprengelii (Kaulfuss) Kuntze - >>thelypteris Balbisii
- Dryopteris stegnogrammoides (Baker) C. Christens. - >>pneumatopteris Sandwicensis
- Dryopteris subtetragona (Link) Maxon - >>thelypteris Tetragona
- Dryopteris thelypteris (L.) Sw. var. haleana (Fern.) Broun & Weatherby - >>thelypteris Palustris Var. Pubescens
- Dryopteris thelypteris (L.) Sw. var. pubescens (Lawson) A.R. Prince ex Weatherby - >>thelypteris Palustris Var. Pubescens
- Dryopteris thelypteris auct. non (L.) Sw. - >>thelypteris Palustris Var. Pubescens
- Dryopteris uliginosa (Kunze) C. Christens., non (A. Braun ex Dowell) Druce - >>macrothelypteris Torresiana
- Dryopteris versicolor (R. St. John) Broun - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Goniopteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) K. Presl - >>thelypteris Reptans Var. Reptans
- Goniopteris sclerophylla (Poepp. ex Spreng.) Wherry - >>thelypteris Sclerophylla
- Goniopteris tenera Fée - >>thelypteris Reptans Var. Tenera
- Goniopteris tetragona (Sw.) K. Presl - >>thelypteris Tetragona
- Lastrea augescens (Link) J. Sm. - >>thelypteris Augescens
- Lastrea globulifera Brack. - >>thelypteris Globulifera
- Lastrea limbosperma (All.) Heywood - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Lastrea oregana (C. Christens.) Copeland - >>thelypteris Nevadensis
- Lastrea phegopteris (L.) Bory - >>phegopteris Connectilis
- Leptogramma pilosa (Mart. & Gal.) Underwood var. alabamensis (Crawford) Wherry - >>thelypteris Pilosa Var. Alabamensis
- Leptogramma pilosa sensu (Mart. & Gal.) Underwood p.p. - >>thelypteris Pilosa Var. Alabamensis
- Macrothelypteris (H. Itô) Ching - Macrothelypteris
- Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaud.) Ching - Swordfern
- Meniscium reticulatum (L.) Sw. - >>thelypteris Reticulata
- Meniscium serratum Cav. - >>thelypteris Serrata
- Oreopteris limbosperma auct. non (All.) Holub - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Oreopteris quelpaertensis (Christ) Holub - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt - Long Beechfern
- Phegopteris polypodioides Fée - >>phegopteris Connectilis
- Pneumatopteris hudsoniana (Brack.) Holttum - Hudson's Air Fern
- Pneumatopteris Nakai - Air Fern
- Pneumatopteris sandwicensis (Brack.) Holttum - Hawai'i Air Fern
- Polypodium abruptum Desv. - >>thelypteris Abrupta
- Polypodium limbospermum auct. non All. - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Polypodium noveboracense L. - >>thelypteris Noveboracensis
- Pseudophegopteris Ching - Pseudophegopteris
- Pseudophegopteris keraudreniana (Gaud.) Holttum - False Beech Fern
- Sphaerostephanos invisus (G. Forst.) Holttum - >>thelypteris Forsteri
- Thelypteris abdita Proctor - Rio Abajo Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris abrupta (Desv.) Proctor - Fairybit Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris angustifolia (Willd.) Proctor - Broadleaf Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris asplenioides (Sw.) Proctor - >>thelypteris Retroflexa
- Thelypteris augescens (Link) Munz & Johnston - Abrupttip Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris balbisii (Spreng.) Ching - Balbis' Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris boydiae (Eat.) K. Iwats. - Boyd's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris brittonae (Slosson ex Maxon) Alain - Britton's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris cheilanthoides (Kunze) Proctor - Lip Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris confluens (Thunb.) Morton var. pubescens (Lawson) Pringle - >>thelypteris Palustris Var. Pubescens
- Thelypteris cordata (Fée) Proctor - Heartleaf Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris cordata (Fée) Proctor var. imitata (C. Christens.) Proctor - Heartleaf Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris cyatheoides (Kaulfuss) Fosberg - Lacy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris decussata (L.) Proctor - Glandular Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris deltoidea (Sw.) Proctor - Deltoid Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris dentata (Forsk.) E. St. John - Downy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris exindusiata W.H. Wagner - Makaleha Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris forsteri Morton - Forster's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris germaniana (Fée) Proctor - German's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris globulifera (Brack.) C.F. Reed - Globular Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Small - >>thelypteris Interrupta
- Thelypteris grandis A.R. Sm. - Stately Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris guadalupensis (Wikstr.) Proctor - Guadeloupe Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hastata (Fée) Proctor - Arrowhead Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hastata (Fée) Proctor var. hastata - Arrowhead Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hastata (Fée) Proctor var. heterodoxa Proctor - Arrowhead Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hawaiiensis C.F. Reed - >>pneumatopteris Sandwicensis
- Thelypteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Weatherby - >>phegopteris Hexagonoptera
- Thelypteris hildae Proctor - Limestone Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hispidula (Dcne.) C.F. Reed - Roughhairy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hispidula (Dcne.) C.F. Reed var. hispidula - Roughhairy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hispidula (Dcne.) C.F. Reed var. inconstans (C. Christens.) Proctor - Roughhairy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hispidula (Dcne.) C.F. Reed var. versicolor (R. St. John) Lellinger - Roughhairy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris hudsoniana (Brack.) C.F. Reed - >>pneumatopteris Hudsoniana
- Thelypteris inabonensis Proctor - Cordillera Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats. - Willdenow's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris kunthii (Desv.) Morton - Kunth's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris leptocladia (Fée) Proctor - Thicket Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris limbosperma auct. non (All.) Fuchs - >>thelypteris Quelpaertensis
- Thelypteris linkiana (K. Presl) R. Tryon - Link's Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris macilenta E. St. John - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Thelypteris macrorhizoma E. St. John - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Thelypteris megalodus (Schkuhr) Proctor - >>thelypteris Pennata
- Thelypteris namophila Proctor - Maricao Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris nephrodioides (Klotzsch) Proctor - Graygreen Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris nevadensis (Baker) Clute ex Morton - Sierra Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris normalis (C. Christens.) Moxley - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Thelypteris normalis (C. Christens.) Moxley var. harperi (C. Christens.) Wherry - >>thelypteris Ovata Var. Ovata
- Thelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Nieuwl. - New York Fern
- Thelypteris oligophylla (Maxon) Proctor - >>thelypteris Invisa
- Thelypteris opposita (Vahl) Ching - Oppositeleaf Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulfuss) Fosberg - Jeweled Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris ovata R. St. John - Ovate Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris ovata R. St. John var. lindheimeri (C. Christens.) A.R. Sm. - Lindheimer's Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris ovata R. St. John var. ovata - Ovate Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris palustris Schott - Eastern Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris palustris Schott var. haleana Fern. - >>thelypteris Palustris Var. Pubescens
- Thelypteris palustris Schott var. pubescens (Lawson) Fern. - Eastern Marsh Fern
- Thelypteris parasitica (L.) Fosberg - Parasitic Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small ex R. St. John - Gridscale Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small ex R. St. John var. scabriuscula (K. Presl) A.R. Sm. - >>thelypteris Patens
- Thelypteris pennata (Poir.) Morton - Graceful Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris phegopteris (L.) Slosson - >>phegopteris Connectilis
- Thelypteris piedrensis (C. Christens.) Morton - Cuban Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris pilosa (Mart. & Gal.) Crawford - Softhairy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris pilosa (Mart. & Gal.) Crawford var. alabamensis Crawford - Alabama Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris poiteana (Bory) Proctor - Darkgreen Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris puberula (Baker) Morton - Showy Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris puberula (Baker) Morton var. sonorensis A.R. Sm. - Sonoran Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris quadrangularis (Fée) Schelpe var. inconstans (C. Christens.) A.R. Sm. - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Inconstans
- Thelypteris quadrangularis (Fée) Schelpe var. versicolor (R. St. John) A.R. Sm. - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Thelypteris quelpaertensis (Christ) Ching - Queen's-veil Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris reducta Small ex R. St. John - >>thelypteris Dentata
- Thelypteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) Morton - Creeping Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) Morton var. reptans - Creeping Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris reptans (J.F. Gmel.) Morton var. tenera (Fée) Proctor - Creeping Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris resinifera (Desv.) Proctor - Resinous Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris reticulata (L.) Proctor - Latticevein Fern
- Thelypteris retroflexa (L.) Proctor & Lourteig - Spleenwort Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris rheophyta Proctor - Rio Inabon Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris rudis (Kunze) Proctor - Red Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris sancta (L.) Ching - Caribbean Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris sancta (L.) Ching var. portoricensis (C. Christens.) Morton - >>thelypteris Sancta
- Thelypteris saxatilis R. St. John - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Thelypteris Schmidel - Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris sclerophylla (Poepp. ex Spreng.) Morton - Stiff Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris serra (Sw.) R. St. John - Jamaican Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris serrata (Cav.) Alston - Toothed Latticevein Fern
- Thelypteris simulata (Davenport) Nieuwl. - Bog Fern
- Thelypteris sprengelii (Kaulfuss) Proctor - >>thelypteris Balbisii
- Thelypteris tetragona (Sw.) Small - Freetip Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris thelypterioides (Michx.) Holub - >>thelypteris Noveboracensis
- Thelypteris torresiana (Gaud.) Alston - >>macrothelypteris Torresiana
- Thelypteris totta (Thunb.) Schelpe - >>thelypteris Interrupta
- Thelypteris unca R. St. John - >>thelypteris Kunthii
- Thelypteris verecunda Proctor - Barrio Charcas Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris versicolor R. St. John - >>thelypteris Hispidula Var. Versicolor
- Thelypteris wailele T. Flynn - Waioli Valley Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris yaucoensis Proctor - Puerto Rico Maiden Fern
- Thelypteris ×incesta W.H. Wagner
- Thelypteris ×invisa (Sw.) Proctor (pro sp.)
- Thelypteris ×lindheimeri (C. Christens.) Wherry - >>thelypteris Ovata Var. Lindheimeri
- Thelypteris ×palmeri W.H. Wagner
- Thelypteris ×rolandii (C. Christens.) R. Tryon