Origin
Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham is a plant species that is native to the southeastern United States, including Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina.
Common Names
This plant is commonly known as Resurrection fern, because of its ability to survive long periods of drought by becoming almost completely desiccated and then rehydrating and returning to life after a rain shower.
Appearance
Resurrection fern is a low-growing epiphyte that typically grows on the trunks and branches of trees such as live oaks, cypress, and magnolias. It forms dense clusters of narrow, grey-green fronds that are about 10-20 cm long, with a slightly wavy margin. The undersides of the fronds are densely covered in small scales, which give the leaves a brownish color.
Uses
Resurrection fern is sometimes used in herbal medicine to treat various ailments, such as digestive disorders, respiratory infections, and skin irritations. Some Native American tribes also used the plant in their traditional medicine. Additionally, the plant is sometimes used as an ornamental in landscaping and gardening, thanks to its striking appearance and unique ability to come back to life after being desiccated.
Light Requirements
The plant Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham thrives in a variety of light conditions. It can tolerate both full sun and deep shade, but it performs best in partially shaded areas. It is best to grow it in a location where it can receive filtered sunlight for several hours each day. In areas with intense sunlight, the plant may require protection from the direct rays of the sun.
Temperature Requirements
The plant Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham is native to a variety of climates, from the southern United States to South America. It can tolerate temperatures ranging from as low as 20°F (-7°C) to as high as 100°F (37°C). However, temperatures ranging from 60°F (16°C) to 80°F (27°C) are ideal for optimal growth. Changes in temperature can affect the growth and appearance of the plant, making it important to keep it in a relatively stable environment.
Soil Requirements
The plant Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. It can grow in a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. The soil pH should be slightly acidic to neutral, ranging from 6.0 to 7.0. The plant can tolerate some level of drought, but it is important to keep the soil consistently moist. Overwatering can have a negative impact on the growth and health of the plant.
Cultivation Methods
Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana is a native fern of North America that grows well in tropical and subtropical regions. It can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors in containers or pots.
When planting this fern in the ground, make sure that the soil is well-draining and rich in organic matter. Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball of the plant, and place the fern in it. Backfill with soil and press firmly around the base of the fern.
If planting in a pot or container, make sure to use a potting mix that is specifically formulated for ferns. Choose a container with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
Watering Needs
Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Water the fern once or twice a week, depending on the weather conditions and the moisture level of the soil. Do not let the soil dry out completely.
It is best to water the fern in the morning or early evening to avoid water evaporation and excessive moisture loss.
Fertilization
This fern does not require excessive fertilization. You can use a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer). Use half the recommended strength to prevent fertilizer burn.
Alternatively, you can use organic fertilizers, such as compost or worm castings, which will provide adequate nutrients and improve the soil structure.
Pruning
Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana does not require extensive pruning. However, you can remove any yellow or brown fronds to improve the appearance of the plant and promote new growth.
You can also remove any old or dead fronds at the base of the plant to encourage new growth and prevent pest infestations.
Propagation of Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham
Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham, commonly known as Resurrection fern, can be propagated by spores or division of the clumps.
Propagation by Spores
Propagation by spores is a time-consuming process that requires patience and attention to detail. The spores of the fern are formed in the sori, which are small, brownish, round-shaped structures found on the underside of the leaflets. To collect the spores, have a paper bag or any container that is easy to label, fill it with fern leaves, and keep them for a few days until the sori release the spores.
Once you have the spores, the next step is to prepare a suitable growing medium, which should be well-draining and rich in nutrients. An ideal mixture is 1-part peat moss, 1-part perlite, and 1-part sand. Sterilize the mixture by baking it in the oven at 250°F for 30 minutes.
Sow the spores on the surface of the growing medium and cover them with a thin layer of sterilized soil. Keep the tray under high humidity by covering it with a plastic bag or dome. The ideal temperature for germination is between 70°F to 80°F.
After a few weeks, small, green, heart-shaped structures resembling gametophytes will appear. Once they are visible, remove the plastic bag or dome to reduce the humidity. Continue to grow them under mist or a humid environment, keeping them moist, but not too wet.
Eventually, the ferns will grow into small plantlets with fronds, and they will be ready to transplant into individual pots or containers when they reach a few inches tall.
Propagation by Division
Propagation by division of the clumps is an easier and quicker method of propagating the fern. The best time to divide the ferns is in the spring or early summer when new growth appears. You can also do this after the fern has gone dormant in the winter.
Start by carefully digging up the fern clumps. Once you have them out of the ground, gently shake off the soil to expose the roots. You may need to use a sharp knife or garden shears to cut the clumps apart, making sure each section has healthy roots and at least a few fronds.
Next, plant each fern section in a pot or container with well-draining potting soil. Water them well and place them in a shaded area with high humidity. Keep them moist but not too wet, until they have become established.
After a few months, the ferns will have grown roots and new fronds, and they will be ready to transplant into the garden or a larger container.
Disease and Pest Management for Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana
Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana, commonly known as the Resurrection Fern, is a hardy perennial plant that is resistant to diseases and pests. However, certain pests and diseases can attack the plant, leading to stunted growth, discoloration, and wilted leaves. Here are some common pests and diseases that may affect Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana and ways to manage them.
Common Pests
1. Scale Insects: These pests feed on the sap of the plant, leading to yellowed, curled, and distorted leaves. The infestation can also cause premature leaf drop. Use neem oil or insecticidal soap to control the pest.
2. Spider Mites: These pests cause a yellow stippling appearance on the leaves, and the plant may appear dry and discolored. Use an insecticidal soap, neem oil, or pyrethrin spray to control the pest.
3. Mealybugs: These pests appear as white, cottony clusters on the plant's stems and leaves, secreting honeydew and causing yellow leaves. Remove the infested plant parts and use a neem oil insecticide to control the pest.
Common Diseases
1. Leaf Spot: This fungal disease causes brown, black, or gray spots on the plant's leaves, and in severe cases, the leaves may fall off. Remove affected leaves and reduce water on foliage to control the disease. Fungicides containing copper or sulfur can also control the disease.
2. Root Rot: This disease causes the plant's roots to rot, leading to wilting, yellowing, and eventual death of the plant. Avoid overwatering, use well-draining soil, and keep the soil moist, not wet, to prevent root rot.
3. Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease appears as a powdery white coating on the plant's leaves, leaving them with a stunted growth and deformation. Increase the airflow around the plant, remove the affected leaves, and use a fungicide to control the disease.
By using non-toxic insecticides and fungicides, it is possible to manage diseases and pests effectively, keeping Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. michauxiana healthy and thriving.
