Origin and Common Names
Orthothecium chryseum (Schwaegr. in Schultes) Schimp. in B.S.G. var. lapponicum (Schimp.) Lindb. in G. Roth, also known as Lapland bog moss, is a species of moss that is native to Arctic and subarctic regions. It is commonly found in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Northern Europe, Russia, and some areas of Asia. The genus name ‘Orthothecium’ means ‘straight case,’ referring to the moss’s cylindrical capsules with straight opercula, while the species epithet ‘chryseum’ means ‘golden-yellow,’ referring to its soft, yellow-green color.
Uses
Lapland bog moss has been traditionally used by indigenous communities in the Arctic and subarctic regions for various purposes. The moss is known for its antiseptic and antibiotic properties, and it has been used topically to treat wounds, burns, and infections. It has also been used as a natural insulation material in clothing and footwear as it has exceptional insulating properties, keeping the body warm even in extreme cold temperatures. Additionally, the moss has been used for decorative purposes, particularly for creating miniature gardens and landscapes.
General Appearance
Lapland bog moss is a low growing moss that typically grows in dense cushions or tufts. It has soft, yellow-green colored stems, which can grow up to 10 cm in length, and its leaves are slightly curled, lance-shaped, and arranged in a spiral pattern around the stem. The moss also has cylindrical capsules that are about 2 mm long and have straight opercula. The capsules contain spores that are dispersed via wind. Lapland bog moss can thrive in wet or dry habitats, and it is commonly found in bogs, wet meadows, and other damp environments.
Light Requirements
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum requires moderate to high levels of light to grow. It grows best in open areas where it can receive adequate amounts of sunlight. However, it can also grow in partial shade as long as it receives enough light to carry out photosynthesis.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is adapted to grow in cold climates and can tolerate extreme temperature fluctuations. It prefers temperatures between 10°C and 20°C, but can withstand temperatures as low as -40°C. During winter, the plant goes into a deep dormancy to protect itself from harsh weather conditions. In the summer, it resumes growth when the temperatures become favorable.
Soil Requirements
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The soil pH should be between 5.5 and 6.5, which is slightly acidic. It can grow in a variety of soil types including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, the soil should not be waterlogged as it can lead to root rot or other fungal diseases.
Cultivation Method for Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum
The best place to cultivate Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is in a damp, shady location. It thrives in moist environments and is often found in wetlands and bogs. To cultivate this plant for yourself, you'll need to recreate these conditions as closely as possible.
Watering Needs for Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum
Since Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is native to wet environments, it requires frequent watering to thrive. However, be careful not to overwater the plant as this can lead to root rot. Instead, provide enough water to keep the soil consistently moist, but not soaking wet.
Fertilization of Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum
Fertilization for Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is not necessary, as it is a low nutrient plant. However, you can add some slow-release, organic fertilizer to the soil during the growing season if you want to boost growth.
Pruning Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum
Pruning Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is not necessary, as it is a low maintenance plant. However, if you notice any dead or diseased leaves or stems, you should remove them promptly to prevent the spread of disease. Additionally, you can trim any overgrown parts of the plant, ensuring that you don't remove too much growth at once.
Propagation of Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum can be propagated through both sexual and asexual methods. The preferred method depends on the specific needs and resources of the grower.
Sexual Propagation
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum typically reproduces sexually through spores. Spores are produced in capsules at the top of the plant and are released into the air when the capsule lid falls off. To propagate the plant through spores, the grower should carefully collect the spores in a container and then gently sprinkle them over a suitable growing medium, such as peat moss. The growing medium should be kept moist and the container should be covered with plastic or kept in a humidity dome until the spores have germinated and developed into small plants. This method can be time-consuming and challenging and may not produce consistent results.
Asexual Propagation
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum can also be propagated asexually by dividing the plant. This method is generally preferred by growers because it is faster and produces more consistent results. To divide the plant, the grower should carefully remove it from its container and gently separate the individual plants. Each plant should have a healthy root system and enough foliage to support the roots. The separated plants can then be replanted in their own containers with fresh soil and watered thoroughly.
After propagation, it is essential to ensure that the new plants receive appropriate care and conditions to successfully grow and thrive.
Disease Management
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is a hardy plant that is relatively resistant to diseases. However, it can still be affected by fungal diseases such as rust, powdery mildew, and anthracnose. To manage these diseases, it is essential to maintain good plant hygiene by removing any infected or dead plant parts and avoiding overwatering. Chemical treatments are also available but should be used as a last resort and under the guidance of a professional.
Pest Management
Orthothecium chryseum var. lapponicum is also relatively resistant to pests. However, common pests that can affect it include spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. To manage these pests, it is essential to monitor the plants regularly and take action as soon as any pests are detected. Use a strong jet of water to remove spider mites and aphids, or use insecticidal soap or neem oil to manage both pests and mealybugs. Insecticides should be used as a last resort and under the guidance of a professional.
