Origin
Chrysanthemum spatiosum (L. H. Bailey) L. H. Bailey, commonly known as largeflower chrysanthemum, is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to China and can also be found in Japan and Korea.
Common Names
This plant is commonly referred to as Largeflower Chrysanthemum, Brocade Mum, or Golden Sunray.
Uses
The Largeflower Chrysanthemum is primarily grown as an ornamental plant and is known for its beautiful and showy flowers. It is often cultivated in gardens and used in flower arrangements. In traditional Chinese medicine, the plant has been used for centuries to help relieve headaches and dizziness.
General Appearance
The Chrysanthemum spatiosum plant can grow up to 60 cm in height and has a bushy growth habit. The leaves are deeply lobed and can be up to 15 cm long. The flowers of this plant are large, with yellow or white petals and a prominent center disk. They bloom in the late summer or early fall and can grow up to 10 cm in diameter.
Light requirements
Chrysanthemum spatiosum requires full sunlight exposure to grow properly. The plant cannot tolerate shade and needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
Temperature requirements
Chrysanthemum spatiosum is a hardy perennial that can thrive in a wide range of temperatures. It can tolerate temperatures as low as -29°C (-20°F) in winter and as high as 32°C (90°F) in summer. However, the ideal temperature for optimal growth is between 18°C (64°F) and 22°C (72°F).
Soil requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soil that is rich in humus and organic matter. The soil pH level should be between 6.5 and 7.5 for best results. Chrysanthemum spatiosum can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy and clay soil. However, it does not thrive in waterlogged soil and requires good drainage.
Water requirements
Chrysanthemum spatiosum requires regular watering during the growing season, especially in hot and dry weather. However, the plant does not tolerate waterlogged soil, which can lead to root rot and plant death. The soil should be allowed to dry out slightly between waterings, but not to the point of becoming completely dry.
Fertilizer requirements
Chrysanthemum spatiosum benefits from regular fertilization with a balanced plant food during the growing season, especially when grown in containers. Fertilizers should be applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, as over-fertilization can lead to burned roots and compromised growth.
Cultivation Methods
To cultivate Chrysanthemum spatiosum, you need to start by choosing a good location. This plant thrives in areas with full sun or partial shade and well-drained soil. The soil should be rich in organic matter, and the pH should be between 6.0 and 7.5. Additionally, ensure that the planting area is free from other competing plants, which can limit the growth of the Chrysanthemum spatiosum.
The planting process involves preparing the soil by digging a hole that is twice the size of the root ball. Then, place the plant at the center of the hole, backfill with soil, and press the soil to eliminate any air pockets. Water the plant deeply and mulch to retain moisture. Chrysanthemum spatiosum can also be propagated by division in late fall. Make sure to transplant the divisions before the first frost.
Watering Needs
Chrysanthemum spatiosum requires consistent moisture to grow and produce healthy blooms. Water the plant deeply at least once a week, especially during dry spells. However, be careful not to overwater the plant, as it can cause root rot. Ensure that the soil drains well to prevent waterlogging. To determine the water needs of your plant, check the soil moisture using a moisture meter or by sticking your finger two inches into the soil.
Fertilization
To keep your Chrysanthemum spatiosum healthy, fertilize the plant twice a year. Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer during the growing season in spring and mid-summer. Make sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package for optimal results. Avoid fertilizing the plant in late summer or fall, as it can cause the plant to delay blooming and inhibit flower bud formation.
Pruning
Pruning is essential to maintain the shape and size of your Chrysanthemum spatiosum. Cut off the dead and damaged stems using pruning shears in early spring to stimulate new growth. You can also pinch off the growing tips of the stems during mid-summer to encourage branching and produce more blooms. Additionally, remove any spent flowers to promote continuous blooming.
Propagation of Chrysanthemum spatiosum
Chrysanthemum spatiosum, commonly known as the Giant Daisy, is a perennial herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant is native to the eastern part of North America. Propagation of Chrysanthemum spatiosum can be done using various methods.
Propagation by Seeds
The easiest and most common way of propagating Chrysanthemum spatiosum is by seeds. Seeds are collected in late summer or early fall when the flower heads are dried and brown. You can either sow them immediately or store them in a cool, dry place until you are ready to plant them. Before sowing, gently rub the seeds between sandpaper or soak them in warm water overnight to break down their outer coating. Seeds should be sown in a well-drained potting mix and kept moist until germination. Germination typically takes anywhere from 1 to 3 weeks.
Propagation by Rhizomes
Another method of propagation of Chrysanthemum spatiosum is through rhizomes. Rhizomes are underground stems that spread out from the mother plant and produce new shoots. In early spring or in the fall, gently dig up the plant and cut the rhizomes into several pieces, making sure that each piece has at least one eye. Plant the rhizomes in a well-draining potting mix, making sure that the eyes are facing up, and water them thoroughly. Within a few weeks, new shoots will start to emerge.
Propagation by Division
Chrysanthemum spatiosum can also be propagated using division. Dividing the plant is a great way to rejuvenate an old plant or to create new plants. Division can be done in the spring or in the fall. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the roots into several pieces, making sure that each piece has at least one shoot and a good set of roots. Plant the divisions in well-draining potting mix, water them thoroughly and keep them out of direct sunlight until they are established.
Disease Management
Chrysanthemum spatiosum is susceptible to various diseases that can cause significant damage to the plant. Some of the most common diseases that affect this plant include:
- Leaf spot: This fungal disease causes the leaves to develop small, circular spots that eventually turn brown and may drop off. Proper watering and sanitation practices can help manage this disease.
- Botrytis blight: Also known as grey mold, this fungal disease causes the flowers to turn brown and wilt. Pruning infected flowers and improving air circulation can help prevent the spread of this disease.
- Root rot: This fungal disease affects the roots, causing them to turn brown and mushy. Overwatering and poorly-draining soil can contribute to the development of this disease. Removing infected plants and improving soil drainage can help manage this disease.
To manage these diseases, it is important to practice good sanitation, such as removing infected plant material and providing adequate air circulation. Fungicides may also be used, but it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully and use them sparingly.
Pest Management
Chrysanthemum spatiosum can also be affected by various pests that can cause damage to the plant. Some of the most common pests that affect this plant include:
- Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects may be found on the leaves and flowers. They can cause distortion of the plant and secrete a sticky substance known as honeydew, which can attract other pests.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests may be found on the underside of leaves, causing them to turn yellow or brown and become brittle.
- Caterpillars: These larvae may feed on the leaves and flowers, causing significant damage to the plant. Handpicking and using insecticidal soap or other safe pesticides can help control these pests.
To manage these pests, it is important to regularly inspect the plant for signs of infestation and use safe methods of pest control, such as insecticidal soap or neem oil. It is also important to avoid overuse of pesticides, as this can harm beneficial insects and pollinators.
